Managing HR Risk with Risk Registers

HR isn't just about people—it’s about the risks that come with managing them. A well-built HR risk register turns uncertainty into actionable oversight.

Every HR function involves risk—whether it’s legal exposure, reputational damage, or cultural deterioration. But while financial and operational risks are often tracked systematically, HR risks are frequently under-documented, underestimated, or entirely invisible.

This is where an HR risk register becomes indispensable.

What Is an HR Risk Register?

Unlike general enterprise risk tools, an HR risk register focuses specifically on areas like hiring, compliance, retention, conduct, and cultural factors.

Why Risk Registers Matter for HR

Ignoring HR risks can lead to lawsuits, lost talent, reputational crises, and operational disruption. Common examples include:

  • Non-compliance with labor laws
  • Poor onboarding processes
  • Toxic team dynamics
  • Inadequate training leading to safety violations
  • Managerial misconduct

A risk register:

  • Creates visibility and accountability
  • Supports HR’s strategic voice in the organization
  • Enables data-driven decision-making

Common Categories of HR Risk

While each company is unique, risks tend to fall into a few broad buckets:

  • Legal and regulatory: non-compliance with labor laws, visa regulations, payroll errors
  • Ethical and behavioral: discrimination, harassment, favoritism, policy violations
  • Operational: poor onboarding, inadequate training, high turnover
  • Strategic: misaligned workforce planning, lack of succession, skill gaps
  • Reputational: social media misconduct, whistleblower mishandling

How to Build an HR Risk Register

Creating an effective register involves more than a spreadsheet. It requires structured thinking, stakeholder input, and continuous review.

Step 1: Identify Risks

Gather inputs from:

  • Past HR audits
  • Exit interviews
  • Incident reports
  • Manager feedback
  • External benchmarks (e.g., legal requirements, industry norms)

Step 2: Categorize and Describe

Each risk should include:

  • Description: what could go wrong
  • Owner: who is responsible
  • Root cause: underlying issues
  • Risk rating: likelihood × impact
  • Controls: current mitigation
  • Planned actions: improvements needed

Step 3: Assess and Prioritize

Plot risks on a heatmap or priority matrix. Focus efforts on those that are high-impact and high-likelihood—or those with low controls.

Step 4: Assign Ownership

Every risk needs a clear owner. In HR, this could be:

  • CHRO or HRBP for strategic risks
  • Legal for compliance risks
  • L&D for training-related risks
  • Line managers for team-level risks

Step 5: Monitor and Review

Set review cycles (quarterly or bi-annually), and flag risks that:

  • Are escalating
  • Haven’t improved
  • Require leadership attention

Challenges and Pitfalls

Ensure the tool is:

  • Simple enough to update
  • Integrated with HR reporting and audits
  • Visible to leadership

HR Risk Registers in Practice

Linking Risk to Compliance and Culture

A good register doesn’t just protect—it guides. When combined with compliance training, auditing, and clear ownership, it becomes part of a culture of accountability.

It also supports other HR functions:

  • Talent strategy: identifying hiring and reskilling risks
  • Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI): monitoring bias in decision-making
  • Workforce planning: addressing future readiness risks

Final Thoughts

An HR risk register is a simple but powerful way to shift from reactive to proactive HR. It enables HR leaders to manage complexity, anticipate problems, and speak the language of business risk.

In today’s unpredictable environment, knowing your people-related risks—and acting on them—isn’t optional. It’s leadership.